Tagged semiconductors · show all articles
A chip is not carved, it is printed — the same four-step loop repeated across dozens of layers. Resolution stopped being the binding constraint some time ago; placement, variation and measurement took over.
Performance now moves on the assembly rather than the transistor. Once a die is cut into pieces, the interface between them becomes the design, and the cost of a bit is set largely by how far that bit has to travel.
Petaflops are the advertised number and almost never the binding one. An accelerator is a memory system with arithmetic attached, and every serious design decision of the last decade follows from that.