Equation 11 · Part 2 · How AI Datacenter Interconnects Actually Work

Symbol R_baud

R_{\mathrm{line}} = 2\,R_{\mathrm{baud}}

R_{\mathrm{baud}}

What this part means

the writing.

Its job in the formula

$R_b$ aud is an input to the expression that computes the quantity on the left.

Full expressionSymbol R_baudArticle meaning

Where the article explains it

Writing $R_{\mathrm{baud}}$ for the symbol rate and $R_{\mathrm{line}}$ for the resulting line rate, $R_{\mathrm{line}} = 2\,R_{\mathrm{baud}}$ .

The passage around this formula

…bit per symbol as ordinary NRZ signaling does, PAM4 uses four distinct voltage levels to encode two bits per symbol, so a lane’s bit rate runs at twice its baud (symbol) rate rather than matching it one for one. Writing $R_{\mathrm{baud}}$ for the symbol rate and $R_{\mathrm{line}}$ for the resulting line rate, $R_{\mathrm{line}} = 2\,R_{\mathrm{baud}}$ . which is exactly the relationship documented for real 400G optics: a 26.5625 Gbaud lane carries 53.125 Gb/s in an eight-lane configuration, and a 53.125 Gbaud lane carries 106.25 Gb/s in a…

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Learn the underlying idea

A subscript is a label attached below a symbol. It often selects a time step, component, category, or member of a sequence.

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Sources cited in the surrounding passage

[8] Know Your 400G Transceiver ↗

These citations provide research context; check each source for the exact claim it supports.