Equation 14 · What the Machine Breakers Actually Wanted
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Symbol Δ
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Symbol L
L is a part of this expression. Its role is fixed by the surrounding article and by the operations shown in the formula.
change
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What the article says around this equation
What is genuinely different is the exposure profile, not the mechanism. Routine-biased technical change hollowed the middle because rule-following tasks were the cheapest to codify [ 13 , 15 ] . Language models are strongest where output is text-shaped, tacitly specified and cheaply verified — which places a substantial share of professional and clerical work inside the exposure set for the first time. That changes who is exposed. It does not change the task-based arithmetic, and it does not by itself determine the sign of L .
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