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Equation 40 · Part 5 · The Clock That Comes Back Wrong by Exactly Its Mass

Symbol v

Φ[LG]=m b⋅v/ℏ\Phi[\mathcal L_{\rm G}]=m\,\mathbf b\cdot\mathbf v/\hbar
vv

What this part means

v is one factor in the product that computes the quantity on the left.

Its job in the formula

v is one factor in the product that computes the quantity on the left.

The passage around this formula

Call Φ\Phi[LG\mathcal L_{\rm G}]=m\,b\mathbf b⋅\cdotv\mathbf v/ℏ\hbar the loop’s phase debt : what the representation charges for a loop the classical group considered free. The loop invariant b\mathbf b⋅\cdotv\mathbf v carries units of m2 s−1\mathrm{m^2\,s^{-1}} , exactly the units of ℏ\hbar/mass\text{mass} , so Φ\Phi is dimensionless as a phase must be, and mass is recoverable from it as

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Learn the underlying idea

A variable is a named place for a value. Its letter is a local label: x can mean position in one formula and a data point in another.

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