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Equation 120 · Part 2 · The Clock That Comes Back Wrong by Exactly Its Mass

Symbol k_rm eff

ϕ≈keff g T2\phi\approx k_{\rm eff}\,g\,T^2
keffk_{\rm eff}

What this part means

krk_rm eff is a part of this expression. Its role is fixed by the surrounding article and by the operations shown in the formula.

Its job in the formula

krk_rm eff is a part of this expression. Its role is fixed by the surrounding article and by the operations shown in the formula.

The passage around this formula

Here is the strongest objection this construction has to survive, and it is not hypothetical — it was argued in print for over a decade. In 2010, Müller, Peters, and Chu proposed that an ordinary light-pulse atom interferometer’s gravimeter phase already constitutes a measurement of the gravitational redshift at the atom’s Compton frequency mc2c^2/ℏ\hbar , reading the standard interferometer as an implicit realization of exactly the proper-time phase this paper formalizes [ 6 ] . Wolf, Blanchet, Bordé, Reynaud, Salomon, and Cohen-Tannoudji objected immediately: the standard three-pulse Mach–Zehnder gravimeter phase, computed by the ordinary classical-action method, is ϕ\phi≈\approx k_{\rm…

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Sources cited in the surrounding passage

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