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N2
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The rate-limiting step on a conventional iron catalyst is dissociative chemisorption of the strong nitrogen-nitrogen triple bond — breaking N2 apart on the metal surface before hydrogenation can proceed. This single fact explains why heterogeneous ammonia catalysis has historically required both high temperature, to overcome the activation barrier for N2 dissociation, and high pressure, to compensate for the resulting unfavorable equilibrium at that temperature. Materials innovation inside the heterogeneous paradigm has targeted exactly this bottleneck rather than abandoning it: ruthenium supported on an electride material with strong electron-donating character was shown to…
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Equation 1 · Chemistry
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The rate-limiting step on a conventional iron catalyst is dissociative chemisorption of the strong nitrogen-nitrogen triple bond — breaking N2 apart on the metal surface before hydrogenation can proceed. This single fact explains why heterogeneous ammonia catalysis has historically required both high temperature, to overcome the activation barrier for N2 dissociation, and high pressure, to compensate for the resulting unfavorable equilibrium at that temperature. Materials innovation inside the heterogeneous paradigm has targeted exactly this bottleneck rather than abandoning it: ruthenium supported on an electride material with strong electron-donating character was shown to…
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