← All parts of this equation

Equation 12 · Part 1 · Why Materials Fail: Fracture, Flaws and the Inspection Interval

Symbol σ

σ\sigma
σ\sigma

What this part means

the applied stress.

Its job in the formula

σ is a part of this expression. Its role is fixed by the surrounding article and by the operations shown in the formula.

Where the article explains it

Here σ\sigma is the applied stress, a the crack size, and Y a dimensionless factor capturing geometry and loading.

The passage around this formula

Here σ\sigma is the applied stress, a the crack size, and Y a dimensionless factor capturing geometry and loading. The claim embedded in this expression is a similitude claim: two cracked bodies of different shape and size, loaded differently, have the same crack-tip conditions if they have the same K . Fracture then occurs when K reaches a material-specific critical value, the plane-strain fracture toughness KIcK_{\mathrm{Ic}} .

Read this part in the article →

Learn the underlying idea

A variable is a named place for a value. Its letter is a local label: x can mean position in one formula and a data point in another.

Open the illustrated variables: a letter stands for a value guide →

See this notation across published equations →

The article lists its research sources here.