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Equation 28 · Part 2 · What an AI Accelerator Actually Is: Silicon, Packaging, and the Memory It Can Reach

subtraction

p−1p - 1
subtraction

What this part means

Subtract the following term or group from the preceding one. A leading minus marks a negative quantity.

Its job in the formula

Subtract the following term or group from the preceding one. A leading minus marks a negative quantity.

The passage around this formula

Their cost has a shape worth internalising. For the standard ring formulation of an all-reduce over p devices and N bytes, the operation decomposes into a reduce-scatter followed by an all-gather, each of p - 1 steps in which every device sends N/p bytes. Total time is approximately

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Learn the underlying idea

Addition combines quantities; subtraction measures the signed difference between them. Parentheses show what is combined before the rest of the expression is evaluated.

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Sources cited in the article section

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