Equation 17 · Part 1 · What Alignment Actually Costs
Symbol p
What this part means
the probability.
Its job in the formula
p is a part of this expression. Its role is fixed by the surrounding article and by the operations shown in the formula.
Full expression→Symbol p→Article meaning
Where the article explains it
Put in economic terms, if a single red-team attempt costs c and succeeds with probability p , the expected cost of finding one more genuine failure is
The passage around this formula
…grew larger, while plain language models, prompted models, and rejection-sampling models showed a flat trend with scale [ 5 ] . Put in economic terms, if a single red-team attempt costs c and succeeds with probability p , the expected cost of finding one more genuine failure is
Learn the underlying idea
A variable is a named place for a value. Its letter is a local label: x can mean position in one formula and a data point in another.
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Sources cited in the surrounding passage
These citations provide research context; check each source for the exact claim it supports.