Equation 16 · Part 1 · What Alignment Actually Costs
Symbol c
What this part means
the if a single red-team attempt costs.
Its job in the formula
c is a part of this expression. Its role is fixed by the surrounding article and by the operations shown in the formula.
Full expression→Symbol c→Article meaning
Where the article explains it
Put in economic terms, if a single red-team attempt costs c and succeeds with probability p , the expected cost of finding one more genuine failure is
The passage around this formula
…harder to red-team as they grew larger, while plain language models, prompted models, and rejection-sampling models showed a flat trend with scale [ 5 ] . Put in economic terms, if a single red-team attempt costs c and succeeds with probability p , the expected cost of finding one more genuine failure is
Learn the underlying idea
A variable is a named place for a value. Its letter is a local label: x can mean position in one formula and a data point in another.
Open the illustrated variables: a letter stands for a value guide →
See this notation across published equations →
Sources cited in the surrounding passage
These citations provide research context; check each source for the exact claim it supports.