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Equation 8 · Part 2 · The Statistical Mechanics of Irreversibility at Molecular Scale

Symbol k_mathrm B

⟨exp⁡(−ΔstotkB)⟩=1.\left\langle \exp\left(-\frac{\Delta s_{\mathrm{tot}}}{k_{\mathrm B}}\right) \right\rangle = 1.
kBk_{\mathrm B}

What this part means

kmk_mathrm B occurs below the fraction bar. The quantity above the bar is divided by this expression; zero is excluded as a denominator.

Its job in the formula

kmk_mathrm B occurs below the fraction bar. The quantity above the bar is divided by this expression; zero is excluded as a denominator.

The passage around this formula

Exponentiating and averaging over forward paths produces the integral fluctuation theorem, ⟨exp⁡(−ΔstotkB)⟩=1\left\langle \exp\left(-\frac{\Delta s_{\mathrm{tot}}}{k_{\mathrm B}}\right) \right\rangle = 1. Jensen’s inequality then gives

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Learn the underlying idea

A subscript is a label attached below a symbol. It often selects a time step, component, category, or member of a sequence.

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