Equation 1 · Part 5 · One Tree: The Statistics of Common Descent
Symbol M_IO
What this part means
O occurs below the fraction bar. The quantity above the bar is divided by this expression; zero is excluded as a denominator.
Its job in the formula
O occurs below the fraction bar. The quantity above the bar is divided by this expression; zero is excluded as a denominator.
Full expression→Symbol M_IO→Article meaning
The passage around this formula
The logic of that adjudication reduces to one ratio. For sequence data compared under a universal-common-ancestry model against an independent-origins model, . and K , the Bayes factor, states exactly how many times more probable the observed data D are under one model than the other - not a correlation coefficient, not a subjective sense of resemblance, but a single number with a precise probabilistic meaning that can in principle come out favouring either model. For the proteins Theobald examined, it was not close. Universal common ancestry came out favoured over the closest competing multiple-ancestry hypothesis by odds reported on the order of ten to the power of two…
Learn the underlying idea
A subscript is a label attached below a symbol. It often selects a time step, component, category, or member of a sequence.
Open the illustrated subscripts: which member of a family? guide →
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Sources cited in the surrounding passage
These citations provide research context; check each source for the exact claim it supports.