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Equation 1 · The Clock That Comes Back Wrong by Exactly Its Mass

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c→∞c\to\infty

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cc

Symbol c

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Two phases, two mechanisms, one number falling out of both: mass. This paper’s business is to say precisely what kind of object each phase is, to derive rather than assert the algebra behind the first, to show exactly why the second needs no algebra at all, to connect them through the ordinary c→\to∞\infty limit, and to run the resulting operational mass estimator into a real, unresolved dispute over whether an actual atom interferometer can ever report it cleanly. The dispute has a name in the literature and a decisive question attached to it. This paper does not resolve the dispute. It builds the object precise enough for the dispute to be stated as an arithmetic disagreement rather than a…
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Two phases, two mechanisms, one number falling out of both: mass. This paper’s business is to say precisely what kind of object each phase is, to derive rather than assert the algebra behind the first, to show exactly why the second needs no algebra at all, to connect them through the ordinary c→\to∞\infty limit, and to run the resulting operational mass estimator into a real, unresolved dispute over whether an actual atom interferometer can ever report it cleanly. The dispute has a name in the literature and a decisive question attached to it. This paper does not resolve the dispute. It builds the object precise enough for the dispute to be stated as an arithmetic disagreement rather than a rhetorical one.

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