Equation 3 · Part 2 · How Edge AI Electronics and Sensor Systems Actually Work

Symbol V_ref

q = \frac{V_{ref}}{2^{N}}

V_{ref}

What this part means

$V_r$ ef occurs above the fraction bar. The numerator is divided by the entire denominator below it.

Its job in the formula

$V_r$ ef occurs above the fraction bar. The numerator is divided by the entire denominator below it.

Full expressionSymbol V_refArticle meaning

The passage around this formula

The quantization step itself has a clean expression once gain and reference voltage are fixed. For an ADC with N effective bits resolving a full-scale reference voltage $V_{ref}$ , the size of one quantization step is $q = \frac{V_{ref}}{2^{N}}$ . and, treating quantization error as uniformly distributed over one step, the resulting quantization noise power has a root-mean-square value of q / $\sqrt{12}$ . This is the textbook derivation behind every “effective number of bits”…

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Learn the underlying idea

A subscript is a label attached below a symbol. It often selects a time step, component, category, or member of a sequence.

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Sources cited in the article section

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