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Equation 3 · Part 1 · How Edge AI Electronics and Sensor Systems Actually Work

Symbol q

q=Vref2Nq = \frac{V_{ref}}{2^{N}}
qq

What this part means

the size of one quantization step.

Its job in the formula

q is part of the quantity the equation computes from the expression on the right.

Where the article explains it

For an ADC with N effective bits resolving a full-scale reference voltage VrefV_{ref} , the size of one quantization step is

The passage around this formula

…voltage VrefV_{ref} , the size of one quantization step is q=Vref2Nq = \frac{V_{ref}}{2^{N}}. and, treating quantization error as uniformly distributed over one step, the resulting quantization noise power has a root-mean-square value of q / 12\sqrt{12} . This is the textbook derivation behind every “effective number of bits” figure a converter data sheet reports, and it is the reason oversampling helps: spreading the same quantization noise power across a wider sampled bandwidth before filtering it back down effectively lowers the…

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Learn the underlying idea

A variable is a named place for a value. Its letter is a local label: x can mean position in one formula and a data point in another.

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Sources cited in the article section

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