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Equation 9 · Part 2 · How AI Datacenter Interconnects Actually Work

subscript

RbaudR_{\mathrm{baud}}
subscript

What this part means

The lower label selects a particular version, component, or indexed member of the quantity. For example, x₀ and xₜ can be values at different positions.

Its job in the formula

A subscript distinguishes a version, component, step, or member of a quantity. It does not automatically mean multiplication.

The passage around this formula

Modern high-rate Ethernet lanes use PAM4 modulation: instead of encoding one bit per symbol as ordinary NRZ signaling does, PAM4 uses four distinct voltage levels to encode two bits per symbol, so a lane’s bit rate runs at twice its baud (symbol) rate rather than matching it one for one. Writing RbaudR_{\mathrm{baud}} for the symbol rate and RlineR_{\mathrm{line}} for the resulting line rate,

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Learn the underlying idea

A subscript is a label attached below a symbol. It often selects a time step, component, category, or member of a sequence.

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Sources cited in the article section

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