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Equation 9 · No Particle Without a Cosigner

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χ(τ)\chi(\tau)

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χ\chi

Symbol chi

chi is a part of this expression. Its role is fixed by the surrounding article and by the operations shown in the formula.

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τ\tau

Symbol τ

the parametrized by its own proper time.

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The detector, not the mode decomposition, is the object this article works with, for a reason that matters later: a detector’s response is what an experiment can actually report, while “the Bogoliubov coefficients of the true vacuum” is not the kind of thing any apparatus reads off a dial. The response functional for a pointlike, linearly coupled two-level (Unruh-DeWitt) detector on worldline x(τ\tau) , parametrized by its own proper time τ\tau , with energy gap Ω\Omega and switching function χ(τ)\chi(\tau) controlling when the interaction is on, is

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