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Published equation contexts
judge alone≈NP,judge+debate (polynomially many rounds)≈PSPACE
Why this formula appears here
Irving, Christiano, and Amodei’s 2018 “AI Safety via Debate” proposed one answer: train two copies of a model to argue opposing sides of a question in front of a human judge, under a length limit, with the judge deciding which debater was more helpful and honest [ 9 ] . The paper’s own framing draws an explicit analogy to computational complexity theory, arguing that a judge relying on a single unverified report is limited to adjudicating claims a bounded verifier can check directly, while a judge equipped with a structured, adversarial debate between two competing reporters can in principle adjudicate a substantially larger class of claims, since each debater is incentivized to expose flaws…
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Equation 1 · AI Safety
This equation gives an approximation: it relates the quantities while allowing an approximation.
Irving, Christiano, and Amodei’s 2018 “AI Safety via Debate” proposed one answer: train two copies of a model to argue opposing sides of a question in front of a human judge, under a length limit, with the judge deciding which debater was more helpful and honest [ 9 ] . The paper’s own framing draws an explicit analogy to computational complexity theory, arguing that a judge relying on a single unverified report is limited to adjudicating claims a bounded verifier can check directly, while a judge equipped with a structured, adversarial debate between two competing reporters can in principle adjudicate a substantially larger class of claims, since each debater is incentivized to expose flaws…
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