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c\mathbf{c}

Why this formula appears here

where σ\sigma is volume density, c\mathbf{c} is emitted colour, and T(t) is accumulated transmittance along the ray up to t . There is no patch, no voxel grid, no fixed token count anywhere in this formulation — the scene is a function evaluated at query points, and any tokenization of it for a downstream language model has to be imposed afterward, by sampling the field at a chosen resolution, which reintroduces exactly the resolution-versus-cost trade video and audio already face.

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c\mathbf{c}

Equation 15 · Foundation Models

How Multimodal Models Actually Handle Video, Audio, and Space

This mathematical expression combines the displayed quantities; its precise role follows from the surrounding article text.

where σ\sigma is volume density, c\mathbf{c} is emitted colour, and T(t) is accumulated transmittance along the ray up to t . There is no patch, no voxel grid, no fixed token count anywhere in this formulation — the scene is a function evaluated at query points, and any tokenization of it for a downstream language model has to be imposed afterward, by sampling the field at a chosen resolution, which reintroduces exactly the resolution-versus-cost trade video and audio already face.

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