Equation 15 · Why Cost and Latency Belong in the Evaluation Score, Not a Footnote
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Symbol l
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What the article says around this equation
Dominance alone will not settle every comparison, because most pairs of agents are not comparable in this weak sense — one is more accurate, the other is cheaper or faster, and neither dominates. Agent A and Agent B from the opening example are exactly such a pair: A wins on s , B wins on both c and l , and the Pareto relation is silent about which is “better.” Something has to break the tie, and that something is necessarily a value judgment about how many dollars, or how many seconds, one point of success is worth to this particular deployment.
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