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Equation 5 · Part 3 · Why Coding Agents Fail: Long-Horizon Reliability in OpenAI Codex

Symbol g

V(sT,g)V(s_T,g)
gg

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g is a part of this expression. Its role is fixed by the surrounding article and by the operations shown in the formula.

Its job in the formula

g is a part of this expression. Its role is fixed by the surrounding article and by the operations shown in the formula.

The passage around this formula

where sts_t is environmental state, oto_t the agent’s observation, and ata_t its action. Task success is not a property of the final message. It is an externally evaluated predicate V(sTs_T,g) over final state and goal g . System reliability under task distribution D is

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