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The passage around this formula

For consequential work, “be careful” is not a stopping rule. Let the maximum tolerable probability of material failure be $\epsilon$ . A conservative decomposition assigns budgets $\epsilon_i$ to failure classes or transitions such that $\sum_i \epsilon_i \le \epsilon$. This union-bound allocation can be loose, but it forces explicit questions. How much risk comes from specification ambiguity? How much from an untested platform? What is the permitted probability of credential exposure or irreversible data migration? Which observation would reduce the dominant term?

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