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Equation 3 · What Open Weights Actually Let You Verify

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HH

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HH

Symbol H

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Here θ\theta denotes the model’s parameters and H denotes everything about the evaluation procedure that is not the model itself — the exact prompt template, the number of few-shot examples, whether a chat template is applied, how the model’s free-text output is parsed into a scored answer, and the decoding configuration. A vendor publishes one value of s . An independent lab computing its own s' is implicitly testing whether f(θ\theta, H) = f(θ\theta', H') , and a mismatch could in principle come from either argument.

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