← All parts of this equation

Equation 20 · Part 8 · Forty Million Clicks Through One Uneven Door

subscript

CSDBc(δ)=δσYfc1−fc.\mathrm{CSDB}_c(\delta) = \frac{\delta}{\sigma_Y}\sqrt{\frac{f_c}{1-f_c}} .
subscript

What this part means

The lower label selects a particular version, component, or indexed member of the quantity. For example, x₀ and xₜ can be values at different positions.

Its job in the formula

A subscript distinguishes a version, component, step, or member of a quantity. It does not automatically mean multiplication.

The passage around this formula

Solving for the minimum defect correlation needed to produce a given bias δ\delta , and taking the most generous possible bound for a roughly binary preference indicator, σY\sigma_Y ≤\le 0.5 , gives what this article calls, for a specific country c , its Country Selection-Divergence Bound: CSDBc(δ)=δσYfc1−fc\mathrm{CSDB}_c(\delta) = \frac{\delta}{\sigma_Y}\sqrt{\frac{f_c}{1-f_c}} . This is a DERIVED quantity, not a measurement: it has not been run against real per-country population totals or the actual SharedResponsesSurvey.csv microdata, and no value of ρR,Y\rho_{R,Y} for any real country is claimed here. What can be computed honestly, using only the paper’s own reported extremes for n — 101 respondents at the low end, 448,125 at the high end [ 1 ] — is how small…

Read this part in the article →

Learn the underlying idea

A subscript is a label attached below a symbol. It often selects a time step, component, category, or member of a sequence.

Open the illustrated subscripts: which member of a family? guide →

Sources cited in the surrounding passage

These citations provide research context; check each source for the exact claim it supports.