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Equation 3 · Part 1 · The Hardest Unsolved Problems in Multimodal AI

Symbol P

PP
PP

What this part means

P is a part of this expression. Its role is fixed by the surrounding article and by the operations shown in the formula.

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P is a part of this expression. Its role is fixed by the surrounding article and by the operations shown in the formula.

The passage around this formula

…than merely adding up, and it is worth making explicit because it exposes an assumption rather than a vague sense of difficulty. A vision transformer front end tokenises an image of height H and width W at patch size P into NtokN_{\mathrm{tok}} = HP\frac{H}{P} ⋅\cdot WP\frac{W}{P}, and a video of T sampled frames multiplies that by T again. Any fixed context budget therefore forces a three-way trade between spatial patch size, temporal sampling rate, and clip duration — coarsen the patches, subsample frames, or truncate…

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