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Equation 9 · Part 2 · The Hardest Unsolved Problems in AI Agent Architecture

Symbol s

b′(s′)=η O(o∣s′,a)∑sT(s′∣s,a) b(s),b'(s') = \eta \, O(o \mid s', a) \sum_{s} T(s' \mid s, a)\, b(s),
ss

What this part means

everything true about the task — every file changed, every external call made, every fact established —.

Its job in the formula

s appears in the bound of this sum. The bound states where the repeated operation starts, ends, or which values it includes.

Where the article explains it

Applied to a long-running LLM agent, s is everything true about the task — every file changed, every external call made, every fact established — and b is whatever the agent’s context window currently represents.

The passage around this formula

…of a single observation channel in their own worked example forces a much larger plan graph, and a correspondingly larger memory requirement, just to stay confident [ 4 ] . Applied to a long-running LLM agent, s is everything true about the task — every file changed, every external call made, every fact established — and b is whatever the agent’s context window currently represents. The update above is exact only if the full state and its full history are kept; an agent cannot keep them, because the…

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A variable is a named place for a value. Its letter is a local label: x can mean position in one formula and a data point in another.

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Sources cited in the surrounding passage

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