multiplication

The passage around this formula

A robot’s usable hours depend on a different variable: duty cycle, the fraction of the 8,760-hour year a unit spends actually working rather than charging, undergoing maintenance, or switching tasks — run here across the same 90/70/50 percent grid this series applies throughout, giving 7,884, 6,132, and 4,380 operating hours per unit per year respectively. Solving the labor-hours ledger, $F = \frac{L \times H_w}{H_r}$. for fleet size F across all nine combinations of the labor-force total L , the hours-worked bracket $H_w$ , and the duty-cycle-adjusted operating hours $H_r$ , produces a range from about 0.76 billion units (90 percent duty cycle, 1,600 hours worked) to about 1.88 billion units (50 percent…

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