subscript

The passage around this formula

Landauer’s analysis located a thermodynamic cost in logically irreversible operations. Resetting a one-bit memory from two equiprobable logical states to one standard state reduces its logical entropy. In an ideal isothermal implementation, the minimum heat dissipated to the environment is $Q_{\min} = k_{\mathrm B}T\ln 2$. per erased bit [ 9 ] . This is a lower bound on an idealized erasure, not a claim that every transistor switch dissipates exactly $k_{\mathrm B}$T$\ln$2 , nor that computation in general has one universal energy per operation.

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