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Equation 10 · Part 3 · Running an Interpretability Investigation That Holds Up

Symbol Δ

S(C,C′)=Δ(C)−Δ(C′).S(\mathcal{C}, \mathcal{C}') = \Delta(\mathcal{C}) - \Delta(\mathcal{C}').
Δ\Delta

What this part means

Δ is one of the signed contributions combined to compute the quantity on the left.

Its job in the formula

Δ is one of the signed contributions combined to compute the quantity on the left.

The passage around this formula

…variance means the intervention is detecting generic sensitivity to perturbation somewhere in the network, not the mechanism under test — which is exactly the failure mode the subspace illusion exhibits. Reporting Δ(C)\Delta(\mathcal{C}) alone, without the matched control alongside it, is reporting half an experiment.

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Learn the underlying idea

A function assigns an output to each allowed input. The expression f(x) means “apply f to x”.

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See this notation across published equations →

Sources cited in the article section

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