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Equation 1 · Part 4 · OpenAI Model Systems from First Principles: Weights, Post-Training, and Inference Compute

Number of requests

Ctotal=Cpre+Cpost+Q⋅cˉinf,C_{\mathrm{total}} = C_{\mathrm{pre}} + C_{\mathrm{post}} + Q \cdot \bar{c}_{\mathrm{inf}},
QQ

What this part means

How many requests the system serves during the period being counted.

Its job in the formula

Q is one of the signed contributions combined to compute the quantity on the left.

The passage around this formula

Write the total lifetime computation of a deployed system as Ctotal=Cpre+Cpost+Q⋅cˉinfC_{\mathrm{total}} = C_{\mathrm{pre}} + C_{\mathrm{post}} + Q \cdot \bar{c}_{\mathrm{inf}}. where CpreC_{\mathrm{pre}} is pretraining compute, CpostC_{\mathrm{post}} is post-training compute, Q is the number of served requests over the system’s life, and cˉinf\bar{c}_{\mathrm{inf}} is the mean compute per request. Until roughly 2024 the third term was treated as approximately fixed for a given model, and public discussion of capability collapsed onto the first. That assumption no longer…

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Sources cited in the surrounding passage

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