Equation 47 · OpenAI Codex as a Software-Engineering System: Models, Harnesses, and Evidence
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Read the formula alongside the article passage below. Each part has a deeper page with its role in the equation, the supporting passage and nearby citations.
the model snapshot. Read the equation part by part below; each part has a contextual explanation and a link to its mathematical background.
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What the article says around this equation
where D is the task distribution, M the model snapshot, H the harness, B the inference and retry budget, P permissions, X the execution environment, V verification, and the evaluation date. Omitting any of these makes reproduction or comparison weaker.
Sources cited in the article section
- [1] Evaluating Large Language Models Trained on Code ↗
- [11] SWE-agent: Agent-Computer Interfaces Enable Automated Software Engineering ↗
- [3] Introducing GPT-5.3-Codex ↗
- [12] Measuring AI Ability to Complete Long Software Tasks ↗
These citations give research context. Read each source to check which claims it supports.
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