Equation 31 · OpenAI Codex as a Software-Engineering System: Models, Harnesses, and Evidence
What does this equation mean?
Read the formula alongside the article passage below. Each part has a deeper page with its role in the equation, the supporting passage and nearby citations.
This mathematical expression combines the displayed quantities; its precise role follows from the surrounding article text. Read the equation part by part below; each part has a contextual explanation and a link to its mathematical background.
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Symbol A_U
is a part of this expression. Its role is fixed by the surrounding article and by the operations shown in the formula.
Symbol s
s is a part of this expression. Its role is fixed by the surrounding article and by the operations shown in the formula.
Symbol A_P
is a part of this expression. Its role is fixed by the surrounding article and by the operations shown in the formula.
subscript
The lower label selects a particular version, component, or indexed member of the quantity. For example, x₀ and xₜ can be values at different positions.
How to interpret it
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What the article says around this equation
The distinction matters formally. Let be the actions proposed by the harness, the actions admitted by technical policy, and those authorized under the approval process. Tightening approval frequency without reducing leaves a user vulnerable to habituation and mistaken consent. Tightening can prevent an action even when the model or reviewer would approve it.
Sources cited in the article section
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