Equation 3 · Part 4 · How Edge AI Electronics and Sensor Systems Actually Work

=

q = \frac{V_{ref}}{2^{N}}

What this part means

The expressions on both sides represent the same quantity under the stated assumptions.

Its job in the formula

The equals sign connects the complete expression on the left with the complete expression on the right. Both sides must have compatible units.

Full expression=Article meaning

The passage around this formula

The quantization step itself has a clean expression once gain and reference voltage are fixed. For an ADC with N effective bits resolving a full-scale reference voltage $V_{ref}$ , the size of one quantization step is $q = \frac{V_{ref}}{2^{N}}$ . and, treating quantization error as uniformly distributed over one step, the resulting quantization noise power has a root-mean-square value of q / $\sqrt{12}$ . This is the textbook derivation behind every “effective number of bits” figure a converter data sheet reports, and it is the reason oversampling helps: spreading the same quantization noise power across a wider sampled bandwidth before filtering it back down effectively lowers the in-band noise floor…

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Learn the underlying idea

An equals sign says that the expression on its left and the expression on its right have the same value under the stated definitions and assumptions.

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Sources cited in the article section

These citations provide research context; check each source for the exact claim it supports.