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Equation 8 · Part 6 · Comparing the Main Approaches to Training Data and Synthetic Data

subscript

caccepted=cgenpc_{\mathrm{accepted}} = \frac{c_{\mathrm{gen}}}{p}
subscript

What this part means

The lower label selects a particular version, component, or indexed member of the quantity. For example, x₀ and xₜ can be values at different positions.

Its job in the formula

A subscript distinguishes a version, component, step, or member of a quantity. It does not automatically mean multiplication.

The passage around this formula

Rejection sampling generates multiple candidate completions per prompt from a model and keeps only the ones a separate scoring step accepts, using the survivors as supervised fine-tuning data. Llama 2’s RLHF pipeline used exactly this for its first four rounds, generating candidates from the 70-billion-parameter model, scoring them against a trained reward model, and only introducing proximal policy optimisation as a second mechanism in later rounds once the returns from sampling alone began to taper [ 6 ] . A second, independent demonstration in mathematical reasoning makes the mechanism even more explicit: rejection sampling fine-tuning collects correct reasoning paths directly from a…

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Learn the underlying idea

A subscript is a label attached below a symbol. It often selects a time step, component, category, or member of a sequence.

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Sources cited in the surrounding passage

These citations provide research context; check each source for the exact claim it supports.