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Equation 1 · Part 2 · Comparing the Main Approaches to Training Data and Synthetic Data

subscript

ztz_t
subscript

What this part means

The lower label selects a particular version, component, or indexed member of the quantity. For example, x₀ and xₜ can be values at different positions.

Its job in the formula

A subscript distinguishes a version, component, step, or member of a quantity. It does not automatically mean multiplication.

The passage around this formula

Distillation is the oldest of the five and the easiest to state precisely. A student model is trained not on hard labels but on a teacher’s softened output distribution, on the reasoning that the relative probabilities the teacher assigns to wrong answers carry information a one-hot label discards entirely [ 1 ] . Where logits are unavailable — the ordinary case when the teacher is a closed API — the same idea is applied at one remove: the teacher’s sampled text stands in for its distribution, and the student is trained on that text directly. Writing ztz_t and zsz_s for teacher and student logits, σ\sigma for the softmax, y for the hard label, and T for a softening temperature, the canonical…

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Learn the underlying idea

A subscript is a label attached below a symbol. It often selects a time step, component, category, or member of a sequence.

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Sources cited in the surrounding passage

These citations provide research context; check each source for the exact claim it supports.