← All parts of this equation

Equation 9 · Part 11 · A Chatbot Confessed to Being Built by a Company That Never Trained It

Numerator: 1

I(m)=1k∑q∈Q1[rm(q)∈T]I(m)=\frac{1}{k}\sum_{q\in Q}\mathbb{1}[r_m(q)\in\mathcal{T}]
11

What this part means

The complete quantity above the fraction bar.

Its job in the formula

1 occurs above the fraction bar. The numerator is divided by the entire denominator below it.

The passage around this formula

…its trait incidence as I(m)=1k\frac{1}{k}∑q∈Q\sum_{q\in Q}1\mathbb{1}[rm(q)r_m(q)∈\inT\mathcal{T}] , where Q is the held-out probe set of size k and rm(q)r_m(q) is m ’s response to probe q . I(m) is a dimensionless rate between 0 and 1: the fraction of probes that elicit the trait. Average I(m) within each class to get IˉV\bar I_V , IˉH\bar I_H , and I0I_0=Iˉ∅\bar I_\varnothing . I0I_0 is the article’s single most important number, because it is the rate at which the trait shows up in models that never touched the source at all — the…

Read this part in the article →

Learn the underlying idea

A fraction a/b means a divided by b. The top number is the numerator; the bottom number is the denominator, and it cannot be zero.

Open the illustrated fractions: division written vertically guide →

The article lists its research sources here.